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제목 |
The Studies on Antifungal Activities of Synthetic Thiocarbanilides (L-1 and L-4) in vitro |
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저자 |
Kook Bo Kim, and Joon Lew |
소속 |
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University |
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년도 |
1967 |
권 |
4 |
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호 |
1 |
번호 |
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시작페이지 |
13 |
끝페이지 |
39 |
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첨부 |
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요약 |
In nature there are many kinds of fungi, which have close relations with animals and
plants in various ways. Among these fungi, some cause diseases in man. For a long
time the biological and biochemical characteristics of fungi and diseases caused by them
have been studied by many workers.
At present, superficial fungal infection is widely prevalent, covering all of races and
areas, and has been recognized as a serious problem among all nations. Especially
soldiers serving in moist and hot areas mostly suffer from athlete's foot. Despite these
circumstances, to our regret, there are no ideal chemotherapeutic agents, but some used
now are effective.
Emmons studied antifungal activities against superficial mycoses with several
disinfectants, and Loewenthal made a similar study with alcohol.
Griseofulvin, which Oxford et al. isolated from Penicillium griseofulvum, is widely
used as a chemotherapeutic agent for superficial mycoses, and its activities were studied
by many workers. Other compounds tested for their antifungal activities were Candicidin
isolated from Streptomyces griseus by Lechevalier et al., Fungicidin from Actinomyces
by Hazen et al., Mycobacillin from Bacillus subtilis by Majumdar and Bose, Hamycin
from Streptomyces pimprina by Bennett, and Amphotericin A and B from the other
strains of Streptomyces by Fraser and Knox.
Noguchi et al. of Japan synthesized Tolnaftate and claimed that it has excellent
antifungal activity against superficial fungal infections. Robinson and Rasm, and
Robinson and Raskin carried out clinical trials with Tolnaftate and reported the results
indicated that Tolnaftate was highly effective against superficial fungal infections.
Robinson et al., Fleischmajer, Blank and Stone et al. studied antifungal activities with
Thiabendazole, Melges with Candeptin, Olansky with Nafcillin, Hazen et al. and Wright
et al. with Nystatin, Fraser and Knok, Kravetz et al., Rosenthal and Spinner et al. with
Amphotericin 3, and Uts with various chemical compounds. These investigators
presented data showing that some of those chemicals possessed antifungal activities
against deep mycotic infections.
Antifungal activities of ten different chemicals were compared by Mayer, and similar
studies were made with Imidazole derivatives by Ellis, with several antileprosy and
antituberculosis chemotherapeutic agents by Woo et al., and with Undecylenic acid and
Tolnaftate by Lubowe et al.
For a long time it has been known that fungi have similar characteristics and close
relations to mycobacteria from the point of view of phylogenetic taxonomy. It has been
speculated that compounds which have suppressive effects on mycoses would be
similarly suppressive to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria such as
Mycobacterium lepraemurlum and Mycobacterium leprae. Mayer, Lorincz and Pearson
(1962), Woo et al., and Albright and Hitch reported that antimycobacterial agents were
effective in treating fungal infections.
Choi and Lew reported that a series of newly synthetic thiocarbanilides, L-1 and L-4,
had remarkably suppressive activities against Mycobacterium lepraemurium and
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It was also shown that the same thiocarbanilides in vitro
tests everted remarkable growth-inhibiting activities against the drug-resistant strains of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but not so effective suppressive activities against
non-mycobacterial pyogenic bacteria. They suggested that the antibacterial activities
against mycobacteria and fungi of synthetic thiocarbanilides L-1 and L-4 were specific
and selective ones.
In the hope of finding a superior chemotherapeutic agent against fungal infections, in
this investigation L-1 and L-4, synthetic thiocarbanilides which were originally
developed as chemotherapeutic compounds for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and
Mycobacterium leprae, were tested in vitro for their antifungal activities against
superficial and deep mycoses. |
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