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제목 |
Epidemiological Survey of Leprosy in Korea |
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저자 |
Jeon Lew, Min Ckung(유준, 정민) |
소속 |
Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine |
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년도 |
1965 |
권 |
3 |
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호 |
1 |
번호 |
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시작페이지 |
67 |
끝페이지 |
86 |
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첨부 |
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요약 |
The Korean peninsula, attached to the Asian continent, has had a close cultural
association for many thousands of years with continental civilizations. Of the history of
leprosy in Korea we find some account in classical books and in modern literature on
leprosy. But most of these accounts are too incomplete to get any thorough picture.
The history of leprosy in China has been traced back to around 2790 B.C. before the
age of Confucius; and ever since, certain part of China has been regarded as one of the
most heavily endemic foci of leprosy in the world
There has been no historical report to prove that leprosy was introduced into Korea
from China, even though it is known that there has been a close relationship through
cultural and economic trade between the two countries since ancient times. The most
reliable records on leprosy in Japan have appeared since 700 A.D., though there were
doubtful references to leprosy cases during the mythological age of Japan
Leprosy appeared in Korea about 1300 A.D., with rather definite descriptions of it. The
endemic foci of leprosy in the 14th century were Cheju Island and the maritime
territories
This indicates that leprosy became endemic in Korea at least 600 years after it did in
Japan
That leprosy may have reached the Korean peninsula from Japan and the oceanian
islands may be gathered from the following evidences:
a) The northern provinces of Korea, Pyung-an, and Ham-kyung, have historically
been the path of entry form China to Korea, but there is no evidence that leprosy was
ever endemic in either of these provinces-this in spite of the fact that China has been a
markedly endemic focus of leprosy from ancient times.
B) The earliest endemic area for leprosy in Korea was the southernmost part of
Korea, Cheju Island and Kyung-sang Province. These have been the gate-way from
Japan and the oceanian islands to the Korean peninsula.
C) The earliest description of leprosy in Korea appeared in the literature about 700
years later than it did in Japan.
As to the more recent history of leprosy in Korea, an American medical missionary
from the Southern Presbyterian Mission, R.M. Wilson in 1909 started a small-scale
leprosy home in Kwangju and later moved it to Yosu; this became the present
Ae-yang-won leprosarium, where about 1,000 patients are now institutionalized. This is
the first pioneer work in the modern medical care of leprosy in the history of Korea.
In the same year, 1909, an American missionary, the Rev. C. H. Ervin, set up a
leprosy tome in Pusan which was later taken over in 1911 by a British missionary, the
Rev J. N. Mackenzie under the auspices of the British Empire Leprosy Relief
Association. This is the present Sang-ae-won Leprosarium, where about 1,000 patients
are cared.
Another American medical missionary, Dr. A. G. Fletcher, established in 1913 a
leprosarium :at Tae-gu with the support of the British Empire Leprosy Relief
Association. This is the present Ae-rack-won Leprosarium where about 1,000 patients
are institutionalized.
In 1916, a small-scaled leprosarium was started by Japanese administration. Later in
1932, the facilities were increased, and it grew to be one of the largest leprosaria in the
world today. Now it has over 6,000 patients.
By the end of World War Ⅱ, under the Japanese administration about 8,000 patients
were institutionalized under the concept of segregation.
After World War Ⅱ, the Korean Leprosy Association was organized in 1947 by
enthusiastic volunteers, Lew Joon, Bang Soo-Won and others.
The forerunner of this association was the Chosen Leprosy Prevention, Association
which was organized during the Japanese occupation but was weak and inactive. With
the help of the many enthusiastic volunteers in this new organization, an active, new
leprosy campaign was begun. In all, 28 leprosaria and 32 leprosy settlements were
established through their activities in cooperation with the government and local people,
and now about 28,000 patients are cared for in these national and private institutions. |
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내용 |
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